Prostate Surgery

Prostate is male organ below the bladder through which male urine pipe (Urethra) pass through. Prostate cancer is second most common cause of cancer related death in men next to lung cancer according to world literature. Though incidence of prostate cancer is reported to be less, common in Asians there is no data to confirm this.

Prostate cancer occurs when cells in the prostate grow and multiply uncontrollably.

Risks of prostate cancer

• Age- increases with age.
• Race- more common in African-American.
• Family history
• Genetics- associated BRAC gene
• Certain diet

Symptoms of Prostate Cancer

• Some and early prostate cancers are asymptomatic
• Frequent urination
• Getting up several times at night for urination
• Unable to control your urination
• Blood in the urine
• Blood in the semen

Changes to urine flow like

• Poor flow
• Exert pressure to pass urine
• Sense of not emptying the bladder completely

Prostate cancer screening is controversial. Currently indicated for men who are at increased risk. Detection of prostate cancer involves

• History and examination by the Uro-oncologist
• DRE- Digital rectal examination
• PSA test
• Prostate biopsy
• MRI prostate/PET scan/Bone Scan

Treatment of prostate Cancer

• Active Surveillance- Low risk, low grade cancers
• Watchful waiting- unfit patient, watch for symptoms
• Surgery- Curative
• Radiation- Curative
• Hormonal/Chemotherapy- Palliative

Active surveillance for prostate cancer is indicated for low grade, low risk prostate cancer. Indicated for

• Well informed young fit complaint patients
• Avoid treatment related side effects like Incontinence and Impotence
• Follow up with Regular PSA, DRE, Prostate biopsy, MRI
• Curative treatment if signs of cancer progression